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Sensitivity
of Saccharomyces cerevisiae deletion strains to oxidative and methylation
DNA damage.
Amanda
Rubenstein, Herricks HS, New Hyde Park, NY; and Holly Miller, Department
of Pharmacology, Stony Brook University.
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The purpose of my
research this summer has been to determine which genes in the yeast Saccharomyces
cerevisiae are required to protect them from oxidative and methylation
damage. The byproducts of cell metabolism of oxygen often cause damage
to the cell's DNA in the form of mutations which can cause cancer. Similarly,
methylation damage also causes mutations; it is studied as a carcinogen.
In order to test the reactions of certain strains to oxidative and methylation
damage, qualitative experiments involving gradient plates and quantitative
experiments using dilution and plating techniques were utilized. Although
the wild type (WT) yeast strain was sensitive to methyl methanesulfonate
(MMS), the mag1 deletion strain, which is missing the gene that helps
protect against methylation damage, was much more so. Also, both the WT
and the mag1 yeast cells were not as sensitive to oxidative damage by
the H2 O2, the rad9 and nat3 deletion strains were. Quantitative experiments
with MMS performed on the WT and mag1 strains showed, once again, that
the mag1 strain was much more sensitive to the MMS than the WT. These
results suggest that the gene deleted in the mag1 strain of the yeast
is important in protecting yeast cells from methylation damage. In the
same manner, the gene deleted from the rad9 and nat3 strains protected
the yeast cells from oxidative damage. These results suggest that within
the wild type yeast cell, there may be systems responsible for protection
against methylation and oxidative damage in the yeast cells. In the future,
unknown deletion strains will be tested to obtain more knowledge about
the genes within the yeast cell that protect it against methylation and
oxidative damage. This investigation was supported by Research Grant CA-17395
from the National Insititutes of Health.
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